JOHAN CORNELIS VAREKAMP

Harold T. Stearns Professor of Earth Sciences

Earth & Environmental Sciences, 265 Church Street

Wesleyan University, Middletown CT 06459-0139 USA

http://www.wesleyan.edu/ees/JCV/Varekamp.html

 

PERSONAL:

Born January 21, 1951, Utrecht, The Netherlands, Married to Ellen Thomas; two children

Dutch Citizen; jvarekamp@wesleyan.edu  tel: 01 860 685 2248; fax 01 860 685 3651

           

EDUCATION:

Ph.D.  1979  Utrecht University, The Netherlands; Geochemistry

                        Thesis: Geology and petrology of the Vulsinian volcanic area, Latium, Italy.

M.S.    1975 Utrecht University, The Netherlands

                        Honors: l) Geochemistry, Structural Geology; 2) Sedimentology.

B.S.     1971 Utrecht University, The Netherlands, Honors: Geology.

 

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE:

2005–present   Harold T. Stearns Professor of Earth Science

2005-present   Chair, E&ES department

2005                Director ECCO program (Wesleyan-Wellesley-Vassar) in Bologna, Italy

2003-present   Adjunct Professor, Latin American Studies Program, Wesleyan University

2001-2005       George I. Seney Professor of Geology (Chair, E&ES)

1996-present   Professor, E&ES, Wesleyan University, CT, USA (Chair EES 2000-2002 )

Co-Director, Environmental Studies Certificate Program, 1998-2003

1995                Faculty Fellow, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan

1991                Visiting Professor, Laboratorio di Geochimica Isotopica, CNR, Pisa, Italy

1990-1991       Sabbatical visitor, Dept. of Earth Sciences, Cambridge University, U.K.

1990-1995       Associate Professor, E&ES, Wesleyan University, CT, USA, Chair E&ES

1986                Sabbatical visitor, Utrecht University, The Netherlands

1983-1990       Assistant Professor E&ES, Wesleyan University, CT, USA

1979-1982       Postdoctoral fellow, Dept. of Geology, Ariz. State Univ., Tempe AZ, USA

1975-1979      Instructor, Dept. of Structural Geology, Utrecht University, The Netherlands

 

RESEARCH INTERESTS:

Volcanology/Geochemistry: Element recycling in arcs; Magma chamber processes; Eruption dynamics; Chemistry of hydrothermal systems and crater lakes

Environmental studies: Sea level rise; Geochemistry of mercury/heavy metals; Chemical and isotopic proxies for paleoclimate reconstruction; eutrophication/contamination of large estuaries, Global Climate Change, human impact on local and global scales

 

 

 

 

PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES/POSITIONS 

Co-chief scientist, 1984, Snellius II expedition Indonesia, volcanology program

Convener/organizer, 1996, AGU-Chapman conference on crater lakes, Crater Lake, OR

                        2004, IAVCEI workshop on Volcanic Lakes, Caviahue, Argentina

                        2005, Conference on Coastal Pollution Issues, Bologna, Italy

Chair, 2000-present, IAVCEI, Committee on Volcanic Lakes

Chair, 2005-present, AGU, VGP committee on Education and Outreach

Member, 2001-2003, Advisory Board of 'Save the Sound'

Member, 1997-present, Science Advisory Committee, Connecticut Audubon Coastal Center

Member, 1996-present, Senior Board, Connecticut Sea Grant College Program, Groton, CT

Member, 2002-present, EPA, LIS Science and Technology Advisory Committee (STAC)

Member, 2005 – present, Board of Trustees, CT Fund for the Environment / Save the Sound

Member, 2005 - present, Board of Directors, CT Agricultural Experiment Station

 

EDITORIAL POSITIONS:

Editorial Board, 2002-2006, J. Volcanology and Geothermal Research

Editor, 1998-2001, Eos, AGU, Volcanology-Geochemistry-Petrology section

Editor, 2000-2001  McGraw Hill, Encyclopedia of Science and Technology

Co-editor, 1984, J. Volcanology Geothermal Research, Special Issue, El Chichon eruption

Co-editor, 1997-1999, J. Volcanology Geothermal Research, Special Issue, ÔCrater LakesÕ

Co-editor, 1999-2000, J. Coastal Research, Special Issue, ÔLong Island SoundÕ

Co-editor, 2005, J. Volc. Geothermal Research, special issue on ÔVolcanic LakesÕ

Co-Editor, 2005,. IAVCEI-Geol. Soc. London book series, Acid Lakes and Rivers of

Copahue Volcano, Argentina

Steering committee member EPA, 2007, monograph on Long Island Sound

 

PROFESSIONAL SOCIETY AFFILIATIONS / WORKING GROUP MEMBERSHIPS:

Geochemical Society; Am. Geophysical Union; Geol. Soc. Am.; Int. Assoc. of Volcanology and Chem. of the Earth's Interior; Royal Netherlands Geological and Mining Society;

IAVCEI comm. explosive volcanism; IAVCEI comm. volcanic gases; IAVCEI Committee of Volcanic Lakes.

RESEARCH SUPPORT

$100,000.        1984                Volcanic studies in Indonesia, Snellius II expedition

$  4,000.          1984                Bradley Mining Co., Hg pollution assessment, Clear Lake CA

$   1550.          1985                Various agencies, heavy metal studies in CT

$25,000           1985-1987      NSF, volcanologic research in Indonesia 

$   5,000.         1988                 Combustion Engineering, Inc.,  Hg pollution assessment

$   2,500.         1989                 NECUSE, research support, volcanology

$    5200.         1989/1994       Northeast Utilities, Miles, Inc., Acid rain project

$ 17,400.         1990                CT SeaGrant, sea level rise studies

$  30,000.       1991                 Northeast Utilities, neotectonic studies, Connecticut

$110,000.       1991-1994       NOAA, sea level rise studies

$  38,000.       1992-1993        CT SeaGrant, coastal salt marsh studies

$ 56,000.         1994-1996       CT SeaGrant, sea level rise studies

$100,000.        1994-1996       NOAA, sea level rise studies

$   3000.-        1993                NECUSE,  research support, volcanology

$   1000.-        1993                McNair Fund, undergraduate research support, volcanology

$59,073.-         1995                Long Island Sound Research Fund/ CT DEP, Hg pollution LIS

$   4500.-        1995-1997       Northeast Utilities, Pb pollution

$56,000.-         1996-1998       CT SeaGrant, coastal marsh studies

$57,000.-         1996-1998       LISRF, Mercury contamination in CT

$   2000.-        1996                NSF, Chapman meeting support

$15,000.-         1996                DOE, Chapman meeting support

$   3000.-        1996                USGS, Chapman meeting support

$   9950.-        1996                USGS, Hg studies, LIS

$57,800.-         1996                Perkin and Elmer Inc, ICP-AES instrument donation

$   3200.-        1997                NSF, planning grant for Andes expedition

$   2490.-        1998                USGS, Hg studies, LIS

$47,750.-         1998-2000       CT SeaGrant, coastal salt marsh evolution

$13,700.-         1998                USGS, trace metal studies, LIS

$35,300.-         1999                NSF, Hydrogeochemistry of Copahue volcano, Argentina

$15,960.-         1999                USGS, Marine Atlantic Branch, Long Island Sound studies

$25,000.-         1999                Yale University, instrument donation (g ray counters)

$55,800.-         2000-2002       CT SeaGrant, LIS paleoenvironments

$77,000.-         2000-2002       EPA - LIS paleoenvironmental studies

$44,000.-         2000-2004       USGS metal pollution studies

$123,000.-       2001-2002       Lobster Research Fund: Environmental Studies of LIS

$55,500.-         2002-2004       CT SeaGrant, Hatting Mercury in the Housatonic watershed

$1000.-           2002                CT Assoc. of Wetland Sc., LEFOR award (with Beth Goldoff)

$15,600.-         2003                National Geographic Society, Volcanic Research in the Andes

$128,000.-       2004                EPA, Nitrogen isotope tracers for nutrient cycling in LIS

$21,250.-         2004                NSF, Workshop support, Volcanic Lakes, Argentina

$2000.-           2005                American Philosophical Society, Franklin Grant

$2000.-           2006                The Nature Conservancy, Hg in snake skins (pending)

$75,000.-         2007                Connecticut River Watershed Council (pending)

 

FUNDING FOR INSTITUTIONAL/PROGRAMMATIC  SUPPORT:

$290,000.-       2000-2006       Mellon Foundation, Environmental Studies support

$3,500,000      2000                Schumann Foundation, Env. Studies Certificate Program

$25,000.-         2000                NSF, Funding for Coastal Center of the CT Audubon Society

$35,000/yr       2007-               Keck Consortium proposal

 

WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY GRANTS:

$920.               1983                Volcanic studies on Nisyros, Greece

$800.               1987                Petrologic studies of Italian potassic volcanics

$900.               1985                Heavy metals in Connecticut River estuarine sediments

$1,025.            1986                Petrology of  King's Trough basalts, Atlantic Ocean

$1,250.            1989                Acid rain monitoring programs

$1200.-           1992                Mercury abundances in deep sea clays

$1100.-           1995                Pedagogical grant, Global Change course prep.

$1487.-           1998                Long Island Sound pilot study

$19,950.-         1999                Establishment of an atmospheric CO2 monitoring facility

$10,800.-         2002                Creation of a GIS laboratory and GIS course

$3000.-           2005                Ethics in Environmental Science

 

UNIVERSITY SERVICE:

Chairman:        E&ES (1992-1993; 2000-2002, 2005-present)

Member:          Student Affairs Committee (1985-1986; 1991-1992)

                        Committee Human Rights and Relations (1986-1987; 1991-1992)

                        Tenure Task Force (1988-1989); Shop Committee (1989, 1996; 1997)

Science Planning Committee (1993); Comm. Gen. Education (1996-1997); Graduate Council (1998-1999), Comm. International Studies (2001-present)

Review and Appeals Board (2003-present). Taskforce on the hiring of women in the sciences

Co-Director:    Environmental Studies Certificate program, 1998-2003

Director:          Wesleyan-Wellesley-Vassar ECCO program in Bologna, Italy (2005)

 PUBLICATIONS IN PROFESSIONAL JOURNALS:

1.      Wensink, H., Zijderveld, J.D.A. and Varekamp, J.C., 1978: Paleomagnetism and ore mineralogy of some basalts of the Geirud formation of Late Devonian-Early Carboniferous age from Southern Alborz, Iran. Earth Plan. Sc. Lett., 41, 441-450.

2.      Varekamp, J.C., 1979: The geology and petrology of the Vulsinian volcanic area, Latium, Italy. Geologica Ultraectina, 22, p. 384.

3.      Wensink, H. and Varekamp, J.C., 1980: Paleomagnetism of basalts from Alborz. Iran part of Asia in the Cretaceous. Tectonophysics, 68, 113-129.

4.      Varekamp, J.C., 1980: The geology of the Vulsinian volcanic area, Latium, Italy. Bull. Volc., 43, 487-503.

5.      Varekamp, J.C., 1980: Relations between tectonics and volcanism in the Roman province, Italy. In: Tephra studies. Eds. Self, S. and Sparks, R.S.J., NATO Advanced Study Institute Series, Series C, 219-225.

6.      Varekamp, J.C. and Buseck, P.R., 1981: Mercury emissions from Mt. St. Helens during September 1980. Nature, 293, 555-556.

7.      Thomas, E., Varekamp, J.C. and Buseck, P.R., 1982: Zinc enrichment in the phreatic ashes from Mt. St. Helens. J. Volc. Geoth. Res., 12, 339-350.

8.      Varekamp, J.C. and Thomas, E., 1982: Chalcophile elements in Cretaceous / Tertiary boundary sediments: Terrestrial or extraterrestrial?. GSA, Spec. Paper 190, 461-467.

9.      Barton, M., Varekamp, J.C. and van Bergen, M.J., 1982: Complex zoning of clinopyroxenes in the lavas of Vulsini, Latium, Italy: Evidence for magma mixing. J. Volc. Geoth. Res., 14, 361-388.

10.   Varekamp, J.C., 1983: The significance of mafic nodules in the ultra-potassic rocks from Italy, a discussion. J. Volc. Geoth. Res., 16, 161-165.

11.   Varekamp, J.C. and Buseck, P.R., 1983: Hg anomalies in soils: a geochemical exploration method for geothermal areas. Geothermics, 12, 29-47.

12.   Varekamp, J.C. and Buseck, P.R., 1984: The speciation of mercury in hydrothermal systems, with applications for ore deposition. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 48, 177-186.

13.   Varekamp, J.C. and Buseck, P.R., 1984: Changing mercury anomalies in Long Valley, California: Indication for magma movement or seismic activity. Geology, 12, 283-286.

14.   Varekamp, J.C., Luhr, J.F. and Prestegaard, K.L., 1984: The 1982 eruptions of El Chichon volcano (Chiapas, Mexico): Character of the eruptions, ash-fall deposits, and gasphase. J. Volc. Geoth. Res., 23, 39-68.

15.   Luhr, J.F., Carmichael, I.S.E. and Varekamp, J.C., 1984: The 1982 eruptions of El Chichon volcano, Chiapas, Mexico: Mineralogy and petrology of the anhydrite-bearing pumices. J.  Volc.  Geoth. Res., 23, 69-108.

16.   Varekamp, J.C. and Buseck, P.R., 1986: Global mercury flux from volcanic and geothermal sources. Applied Geochemistry, 1,  65-73.

17.   Varekamp, J.C., Thomas, E., Germani, M. and Buseck, P.R., 1986: Particle chemistry of the volcanic plumes of Mt. Etna and Mt. St. Helens. J. Geophys. Res., 91, B12, 12,233-12,248.

18.   Varekamp, J.C., and Waibel, A., 1987: Natural cause for mercury pollution at Clear Lake, California, and paleotectonic inferences, Geology 15, 1018-1021.

19.   Varekamp, J.C., 1988: Lake pollution modelling. J. Geol. Educ., 36, 4-9.

 

20.   Varekamp, J.C., and Kalamarides, R., 1989: Hybridization processes in leucite tephrites from Vulsini (Italy), and the evolution of the Italian potassic suite. J. Geophys. Res., 94, B4, 4603-4618.

21.   Poorter, R.P.E., Varekamp, J.C., van Bergen, M.J., Kreulen, R. Sriwana, T., Vroon, P.Z., and Wirakusumah, A.D., 1989: The Sirung volcanic boiling spring: An extreme chloride-rich, acid brine on Pantar (Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia). Chemical Geology, 76, 215-228.

22.   Varekamp, J.C., van Bergen, M.J., Vroon, P.Z., Poorter, R.P.E , Wirakusumah, A.D.,  Erfan, R.D.,  Suharyono, K., and Sriwana, T. 1989: Volcanism and tectonics in the eastern Sunda Arc, Indonesia, Neth. J. of Sea Res., 24,  303-312.

23.   Poorter, R.P.E., Varekamp, J.C., Sriwana, T., van Bergen, M.J., Erfan, R.D.,  Suharyono, K., and Wirakusumah, A.D., 1989: Geochemistry of hot springs and fumarolic gases from the Banda Arc and Eastern Sunda Arc. Neth. J. of Sea Res., 24,  323-331.

24.   van Bergen, R.D., Erfan, R.D., Sriwana, T., Suharyono, K., Poorter, R.P.E.,  Varekamp, J.C., Vroon, P.Z., and Wirakusumah, A.D., 1989: Spatial variations in geochemical signatures of arc volcanism in East Indonesia. Neth. J. of Sea Res., 24, 313-322.

25.   Poorter, R.P.E., Varekamp, J.C., Poreda, R.J., vanBergen, M.J. and Kreulen, R., 1991: Geochemistry and isotopic composition of volcanic gases from the Banda and Eastern Sunda arcs, Indonesia, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 55, 3795-3807.

26.   Limburg, E. and Varekamp, J.C., 1991: Young Pumice deposits on Nisyros, Greece. Bull. of Volc. 54,  68-77.

27.   Thomas, E., and Varekamp, J.C., 1991: Paleo-Environmental analyses of marsh sequences (Clinton, CT): Evidence for punctuated sealevel rise during the latest Holocene. J. of Coastal Res., SI, v.11, 125-158.

28.   Varekamp, J.C., 1991: Trace element geochemistry and pollution history of mudflat and marsh sediments from the Connecticut coastline. J. of Coastal Res., SI, v.11, 105-123.

29.   Varekamp, J.C., Thomas, E. and van de Plassche, O., 1992: Relative sea level rise and climate change over the last 1500 years. Terra Nova  4, Spec. Issue (ed. Wezel), 293-304.

30.   Varekamp J.C., Kreulen R., Poorter R.P.E. and VanBergen M.J. , 1992: Carbon sources of arc volcanism with applications for the carbon cycle. Terra Nova 4, Spec. Issue (ed. Wezel), 363-373.

31.   VanBergen, M.J., Vroon, P.Z., Varekamp, J.C., and Poorter R.P.E., 1992: The origin of the potassic rock suite of Batu Tara (East Sunda Arc, Indonesia).  Lithos 28, 261-282.

32.   Varekamp, J.C., 1992: Some remarks on volcanic vent evolution during Plinian eruptions. J. Volc. Geotherm. Res. 54, 309-318.

33.   Vroon, P.Z., Van Bergen, M.J.,  White W.M., and Varekamp, J.C., 1994: Sr-Nd-Pb isotope systematics of the Banda arc, Indonesia: Combined subduction and assimilation of continental material. J. Geophys. Res. 98, 22,349-22,366.

34.   Pasternack, G. and Varekamp, J.C., 1994: The geochemistry of the Keli Mutu crater lakes, Flores Indonesia. Geochemical Journal 28, 243-262.

35.   Francalanci, L., Varekamp, J.C., Vougioukalakis, G., Defant, M.J., Innocenti, F., and Manetti, P., 1995: Crystal retention, fractionation, and crustal assimilation in a convecting magma chamber, Nisyros volcano, Greece, Bull. of Volcanol.  56, 601-620.

36.   Nydick, K.R., Bidwell, A., Thomas, E. and Varekamp, J.C., 1995: A sealevel rise curve from Guilford, CT, Marine Geology 124, 137-159.

37.   Pasternack, G.B. and Varekamp J.C., 1997: Volcanic lake systematics.I. Physical constraints. Bull. Volc. 58, 528-538.

38.   Hoogewerff, J.A., VanBergen, M.J., Vroon, P.Z., Hertogen, J., Wordel, R., Sneyers, A., Nasution, A., Varekamp, J.C., Moens, H.L.E., and Mouchel, D., 1997: U-series, Sr-Nd-Pb isotope and trace-element systematics across an active island arc-continent collision zone: Implications for element transfer at the slab-wedge interface. Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta, 61, p.1057-1072.

39.   Varekamp, J.C. and Thomas, E., 1998: Climate change and the rise and fall of sea level over the millenium. EOS 79, p. 69-75.

40.   Varekamp, J.C. and Thomas, E. , 1998: Volcanic and anthropogenic contributions to global weathering budgets. J. Geochem. Exploration, 62, 149-159.

41.   Varekamp, J.C., Thomas, E., and Thompson, W.G., 1999: Sea level - climate correlation during the past 1400 yr: A comment. Geology, 27, 189-190.

42.   Varekamp, J.C., and Kreulen, R., 2000, The stable isotope geochemistry of volcanic lakes: examples from Indonesia.  J.Volc. Geothermal Res. 97, 309-327.

43.   Sriwana, T., VanBergen, M.J., and Varekamp, J.C., 2000, The geochemistry of Kawah Putih, an acid crater lake in Java, Indonesia, J.Volc. Geothermal Res. 97, 77-104.

44.   Varekamp, J.C., Pasternack, G.B. and Rowe, G.L., 2000, Volcanic lake systematics II. Chemical constraints. J.Volc. Geothermal Res. 97, 161-180.

45.   Varekamp, J.C., Buchholtz ten Brink, M.R., Mecray, E.L., and Kreulen, B., 2000, Mercury in Long Island Sound sediments. J. Coastal Research. Spec. issue, 16, 613-626.

46.   Thomas, E., Gapotchenko*, T., Varekamp, J.C., Buchholtz ten Brink, M.F., and Mecray, E., 2000, Foraminifera in Long Island Sound surface sediments in 1999: evidence for recent environmental change,  J. Coastal Res., Spec. issue, 16,  641-655.

47.   Varekamp, J.C., Ouimette*, A., Herman*, S., Delpino, D., and Bermudez, A., 2001, The 1990-2000 eruptions of Copahue, Argentina: a 'bee-hive volcano' in turmoil. Geology 29, 1059-1062 (with cover photo).

48.   Fehn, U., Snijder, G. and Varekamp, J.C., 2002, Evidence for marine sediment recycling in subduction zones from 129I in crater lakes. J. Volcanology Geothermal Research, 115, 451-460.

49.   Varekamp, J.C., Kreulen*, B., and Buchholtz ten Brink, M.F, and Mecray, E., 2003, Mercury contamination chronologies from Connecticut wetlands and Long Island Sound sediments. Environmental Geology, 43, 268-282.

50.   Varekamp, J.C., 2003, Lake contamination models: evolution towards steady state. J. of Limnology, 62 (suppl.1), 67-72.

51.   Varekamp, J.C., Ouimette*, A. and Kreulen. R., 2004, The magmato-hydrothermal system of Copahue volcano, Argentina. Proceedings of the 11th Water Rock Interaction Symposium, (editors Wanty, R.B. and Seal II, R.R.), v.1, 215-218, Balkema Publishers, Leiden.

52.   Varekamp, J.C., 2004, Copahue Volcano: A modern terrestrial analog for the Opportunity landing site. Eos, 85, #41, 12 October 2004, p. 401-407.

 

 

53.   Varekamp, J.C., Mecray, E.L., and Zierzow*, T., 2005, Once spilled, still found: Metal contamination in Connecticut wetlands and Long Island Sound sediment from historic industries.  Chapter in book on ÔOur Changing CoastsÕ, editors Whitelaw and Visiglione, E.Elgar Publishers, Chapter 9,  p. 122-147.

54.   Gammons C. H., Wood S. A., Pedrozo F., Varekamp J.C., Nelson B., Shope C.L., and Baffico, G. 2005 Hydrogeochemistry and rare earth element behavior in a volcanically acidified watershed in Patagonia, Argentina. Chemical Geology 222, 249-267.

55.   Varekamp, J.C., 2005, Reply to comment by Jorge Guala-Valverde on: Lake contamination models for evolution towards steady state. J. Limnology 24, 159-160.

56.   Varekamp, J. C., J. Maarten deMoor*, Matt D. Merrill*, Anna S. Colvin*, Adam R. Goss*, Pieter Z. Vroon and David R. Hilton, 2006, The Geochemistry and Isotopic Characteristics of the Caviahue Copahue Volcanic Complex, Province of Neuquen, Argentina. GSA Special Paper, 407, 317-342.

57.   Francalanci, L., Varekamp, J. C., Vougioukalakis, G.E., Innocenti, F. and Manetti, P., 2006, Is there a compositional gap at Nysiros volcano? A Comment. Lithos. doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2006.06.016.

58.   Dunagan, S.C., M. S. Gilmore and J. C. Varekamp. 2006, Effects of Mercury on visible/near-infrared reflectance spectra of Mustard Spinach plants (Brassica rapa P.), J. of Envir. Pollution, doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2006.10.023.

59.  Varekamp, J.C. 2006, The historic fur trade and climate change. Eos, 87, # 52, 26 December 2006.

60.  Hern‡ndez, P.A., N. M. PŽrez, J. C. Varekamp, B. Henriquez, A. Hern‡ndez, J. Barrancos, E. Padr—n David Calvo and G. Meli‡n, 2007, Crater lake temperature changes of the 2005 eruption of Santa Ana volcano, El Salvador, Central America, Pure and Applied Geophysics, special Issue - Volcano Monitoring; 164, 2507-2522.

61.  Varekamp, J. C., Thomas, E. and Lewis, R., The early history of Long Island Sound. Geology (in revision)

62.  Varekamp, J. C. The acidification of glacial Lake Caviahue, Province of Neuquen, Argentina. Special issue Volcanic LakesÕ, JVGR, (in press).

63.  Varekamp, J.C., Herman*, S., Ouimette*, A., Flynn*, K., Bermudez, A., and Delpino, D.,. Naturally acid waters from Copahue volcano, Argentina. Applied Geochemistry, spec. issue on geogenic acid fluids, (in revision)

 

 

MANUSCRIPTS:

Ouimette, A. and Varekamp, J. C.: The hydrothermal system of Copahue volcano, Argentina. Earth and Planetary Science Letters.

Varekamp, J.C. et al. Exotic exhalations from active volcanoes in the Andes. Geology.

Varekamp et al. The human impact on Long Island Sound – chemical and ecological effects. Science.

 

 

 

 

 

CHAPTERS IN TEXTBOOKS:

Varekamp, J.C., 1990: Volcanic Gases, Chapter in textbook: "Earth Sciences", Open University, The Netherlands, Heerlen, v. 2, Plate tectonic processes, p. 150-175.

Varekamp, J.C., 1990: Geology of the ocean floor, Chapter in textbook: "Earth Sciences", Open University, The Netherlands, Heerlen, v. 2, Plate tectonic processes, p. 6-32.

Varekamp, J.C., 1992: Sea level fluctuations, Chapter in textbook: Geology around the Ice ages, Open University, The Netherlands, Heerlen, v. 1,  p. 213-232.

Varekamp, J.C., 1992: The carbon cycle, Chapter in textbook: Geology around the Ice ages, Open University, The Netherlands, Heerlen, v.1, p.235-269.

 

Short articles in support volume (v.4) for "Earth Sciences" (1990)

Magnetism of the ocean crust, p.43-46; Biological activity at submarine vents, p.47-50.

Water in silicate melts, p.74-76; The atmosphere, p.77-82; Helium isotopes, p.83.

Short articles in support volume (v.3) for "Geology around the Ice ages" (1992)

Sedimentology of estuaria and delta's, p.34-39; 14C, U/Th and 10Be dating methods, p.40-44.

Economic damage as a result of rising sea levels, p.45-49; V