HISTORY OF GRADUATE STUDIES In 1952-53, Wesleyan University established two programs in advanced learning to complement the traditional master's degree offered since 1889: the master of arts in teaching and the master of arts in liberal studies. The master of arts in teaching is no longer offered. Since the early 1960's, the University has developed programs leading to the doctor of philosophy in biology, chemistry, ethnomusicology, mathematics, molecular biology and biochemistry, and physics. Founded in 1831, Wesleyan is an independent university of the liberal arts and sciences with the primary role of educating men and women for the bachelor's degree. However, graduate programs constitute an important element contributing to the special character of the institution. For the year 2007-2008  it projected a graduate enrollment of approximately 204, an undergraduate body of 2,800, and a faculty of more than 300. In 2007-2008, approximately 204  students were enrolled in programs leading to a masters and/or doctorate. At the 175th commencement on May 28, 2007, the degree of Ph.D. was awarded to 14 candidates and the M.A. to 22 candidates.