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Name: Steel Pan (Double Seconds) Alternate Name(s): Double Second Pan Geographic Region: Caribbean Country of origin: Trinidad and Tobago Climatic type: Tropical Time period: 20th century to present. Classification: Idiophone Material: SvH No.: 111.2
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Physical Description This instrument consists of two drums with a "skirt" or side length of approx. 15-18cm (Blake, 111). The notes are "raised" from the concave bowls of each drum, and produce a slightly lower voice (than the double tenor) due to the longer skirt. The lowest notes found along the circumference of the bowl are U-shaped, while the higher octave notes are either oval or circular-shaped inside. The double second pans must be suspended on stands or a rack to allow the drums to resonate and are played with moderately thick rubber mallets. Tuning The double second has a chromatic range between F3 and C#6, with 30 notes. Pan tuner Ellie Mannette's original design for the double second, known as "Invaders styling" has become the standard for this instrument (Blake, 111). The arrangement of notes allows for easy formation of chordal patterns. History The double second was designed by Ellie Mannette of the Invaders Steelband. It has the dual use of supporting the melody as well as playing upper portions of the harmony in a standardized accompaniment rhythm. Along with the quadrophonics, its rhythm historically derived from the cuatro, a four-string guitar used in parang (a Venezuelan-influenced musical genre performed at Christmas) (Steumpfle, 43). References See Steel Band. Last Modified: 05-May-2005 TOP |
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